The League of Nations and United Nations 

The following items from the Collection are available immediately on master                                 

 

220588          15:00:16 - 15:06:38            1914 - 1918 Si         B/W   

League of Nations - Beginning of the League Reel 1
Beginning of the League: Highlights events that initiated WWI and inception of League of Nations and its function.
Starts with street fight men in flat caps to illustrate arguments between neighbours.  Events that lead up to WWI.  Newspaper headlines announce assassination of Archduke Ferdinand and animated maps trace progression of war and the reorganization of Europe after the Treaty of Versailles. Shows war graves / cemetery  - widespread destruction, including wounded soldiers and ravaged countryside.  Wounded carried from battlefield on stretcher.  Ambulances - Red cross ship returning.

220588          15:07:10 - 15:18:20            1914 - 1918 Si         B/W   

League of Nations - Beginning of the League Reel 2
Beginning of the League: Highlights events that initiated WWI and inception of League of Nations and its function.
Describes effects of war, with scenes of wounded soldiers in a hospital - veterans wheeled in bath chairs / wheelchairs.  Rehabilitation of victims of mustard gas - basket weaving. Turkish peasants / refugees en-route to Greece - displaced persons / DPs, destroyed homes in Germany, devastated plains of Poland, France pre-war - lovely shots village streets / market / child - France post war showing  barren land destroyed towns and villages.
15:12:50  Presents Woodrow Wilson's proposal for League, his aim "to unite the countries of the world" and the signing of the Treaty of Versailles.  Animated map shows countries join League.
15:15:27 Shows Geneva after WWI, street scenes.  Assembly and Council in session. (Jan1920)
15:17:20 International Peace Palace in The Hague and describes various branches of League, including the International Organization of Workers Relations.

 

220586          13:23:12 - 13:31:31            Jan1920         Si         B/W   

League of Nations - First Assembly
Geneva: Highlights of meeting with shots of various delegates and presentation of aims of League of Nations. Delegates H. A. L. Fisher, Great Britain;  President of Assembly Paul Hymens, Belgium;  Wellington Koo, China;  Lord Robert Cecil, South Africa; Leon Bourgeois, France;  Siamese delegation; and Ignace Paderewski, Poland arrive at assembly hall.
13:25:21 Assembly in session - Speakers at assembly include Herbert Albert Laurens Fisher; Sir George Foster, Canada; Sir Iman Ali, India; Senator Millen, Australia;  G.N. Barnes, Great Britain;  Fridtjof Nansen, Arctic explorer from Norway; and Paul Hymens, who describes the purpose of the League as "ridding the world of the greatest scourge, war."
13:27:06 Among delegates leaving assembly are, Prince Vibhaji Ranjitsinji, India, and his secretary, C. B. Fry; and Lord Arthur James Balfour, Great Britain.
13:28:14  Meeting of League Committee on Disarmament with speeches by Viscount Kikujiro Ishii, H. A. L. Fisher, Lord Robert Cecil, and the President of the Committee, Karl Hjalmar Branting, of Sweden.  Explanation of Registration of a Treaty is given.  Delegates signing.  Sir James Eric Drummond, the Secretary General, is seen at his desk.
13:31:01 Shot of League of Nations building across park with lake
 
220511          03:00:45 - 03:02:46            1926   Sd        b/w    

Special Inquiry into the Mosul Affair
League arbitrators visit Mosul, Iraq, to investigate border dispute between Turkey and Iraq. Representatives view military review and cavalry manoeuvres.
03:01:34 Shots of street scenes, market places, people on camels, hillside dwellings, river crossing cars onto pontoon. Group of European ? men / inquiry team. Housing and streets. Harbour

 

220588          15:19:00 - 15:28:26            1926   Si         B/W   

League of Nations - Seventh Assembly – Special Session (08Mar26)
Session on admission of Germany to League.  Ext. Beau-Rivage Hotel, Geneva.  Crowds outside hotel as Delegates arrive - press photographers.  German Chancellor Hans Luther & Foreign Affairs Minister Streseman, Skrynski (Poland), Ishii (Japan), Briand and Loucheur & Paul-Bancour (France), Scialoja (Italy), De Leon (Spain), Benes (Czechoslovakia), Franco (Brazil), Vanderwelde (Belgium), Bethlen (Hungary), Robert Cecil (South Africa, Da Costa (Portugal).  Da Costa as President of session & Viscount Ishii delivering opening address at meeting of the Council at the Secretariat.
Delegates leaving - Briand and Loucheur & Paul-Bancour (France), Sir Austen Chamberlain (Great Britain), Mr Scialoja first delegate for Italy. In a group Mr Quinones de Leon (Spain) and Mr Benes (Czech) Mr Mello France (Brazil) M Vandervelde (Belgium)
15:22:22 Tracking shot from car - streets - pedestrian.
15:22:52 Count Bethlen, delegate for Hungary. Lord Robert Cecil talking with two young ladies. Crowds outside assembly hall. Mr Da Costa  who presided over session. Interiors session in progress. Viscount Ishil makes opening speech. Mr Da Costa takes chair. Delegates leaving hall after meeting.
15:26:47 Line of still and movie cameramen outside venue. Delegates leave in groups.

220586          13:02:58 - 13:10:55            1926   Si         B/W   

League of Nations - La Societe Des Nations Part One
English & French titles.  Delegates of VIIth Assembly in session and at leisure.  Seen are Drummond (Great Britain), Briand (France), Scialoja (Italy), Streseman (Germany), Adachi (Japan), Motta (Switzerland), Apponyi (Hungary), Benes (Czechoslovakia), Nansen (Norway), Albert Thomas, Pres. Of International Labor Organization, Von Bernstorff (Germany), Urutia (Columbia), Guani (Uruguay), Villegass (Chile), De Bethancourt (Cuba), Dandurand (Canada), Lytton (India).
Sir Eric Drummond in office with secretary who is typing. Flags of nations erected on balconies. Hotel Beau Rivage. Press waiting outside hotels. Chauffeurs sleep in cars. Delegates leaving hotels and in groups. Plaque outside building in memory of Woodrow Wilson, Founder of the Society of Nations (in French) Delegates in buses and cars, policeman on point / traffic duty. Newspaper sellers. Movie and still cameramen.

220586          13:10:56 - 13:22:52            1926   Si         B/W   

League of Nations - A Societe Des Nations [Reel 2 Part 2]
English & French titles.  Delegates of VIIth Assembly in session and at leisure.
13:10:56 In the lobby delegates meeting and milling about. Shots of individual delegates. At Palais des Nations, interiors and in the gardens. Japanese delegate poses for cameras. Groups of delegates at open air tables
13:15:13 Interiors - council room - meeting in progress. Shots in offices of the secretariat where press releases are prepared - typists.
13:19:27 Rest day on Lake Geneva  - yachts. Playing golf - Sir Eric Drummond
13:21:30 Garden party

 

220586          13:32:00 - 13:38:54            1926   Si         B/W   

The League of Nations - Seventh Assembly – [Reel 1 Pt 1] (Sep. 1926)    
Proceedings of day include admission of Germany into League.
Displays Preamble to League's Covenant and casual atmosphere of League Headquarters.  English & French titles.  Delegates of VIIth Assembly in session and at leisure.  Seen are Drummond (Great Britain), Briand (France), Scialoja (Italy), Streseman (Germany), Adachi (Japan), Motta (Switzerland), Apponyi (Hungary), Benes (Czechoslovakia), Nansen (Norway), Albert Thomas, Pres. Of International Labor Organization, Von Bernstorff (Germany), Urutia (Columbia), Guani (Uruguay), Villegass (Chile), De Bethancourt (Cuba), Dandurand (Canada), Lytton (India).
Sir Eric Drummond in office with secretary who is typing. Flags of nations erected on balconies. Hotel Beau Rivage. Press waiting outside hotels. Chauffeurs sleep in cars. Delegates leaving hotels and in groups. Plaque outside building in memory of Woodrow Wilson, Founder of the Society of Nations ( in French ) Delegates in buses and cars, policeman on point / traffic duty. Newspaper sellers. Movie and still cameramen.

220586          13:38:55 - 13:47:00            1926   Si         B/W   

The League of Nations - Seventh Assembly – [Reel 1 Pt 2] (Sep. 1926)    
Proceedings of day include admission of Germany into League.
English  titles.  Delegates of VIIth Assembly in session and at leisure.  Seen are Drummond (Great Britain), Briand (France), Scialoja (Italy), Streseman (Germany), Adachi (Japan), Motta (Switzerland), Apponyi (Hungary), Benes (Czechoslovakia), Nansen (Norway), Albert Thomas, Pres. Of International Labour Organization, Von Bernstorff (Germany), Urutia (Columbia), Guani (Uruguay), Villegass (Chile), De Bethancourt (Cuba), Dandurand (Canada), Lytton (India).
13:10:56 In the lobby delegates meeting and milling about. Shots of individual delegates. At Palais des Nations, interiors and in the gardens. Japanese delegate poses for cameras. Groups of delegates at open air tables
13;15:13 Interiors - council room - meeting in progress. Shots in offices of the Secretariat where press releases are prepared - typists.
13:45;12 Building Batiment Electoral where 11th Assembly held its meeting.  Public queue in street for admission cards.  La Salle de la Reformation where the Annual Assembly of the League is held. Police on duty at entrance to assembly hall.

220586          13:47:30 - 13:56:20            1926   Si         B/W   

The League of Nations - Seventh Assembly [Reel 2]  (Sep. 1926)  
Proceedings of day include admission of Germany into League.
English  titles. 
Eduard Benes, President of Assembly, opens VIIth Assembly. Mr. Nintchitch, Serb-Croat-Slovene state, speaks; delegates vote on admission of Germany; Secretary General Sir Eric Drummond informs Germany of final decision; Gustav Stresemann of Germany replies; and Aristide Briand speaks. Emile Vanderwelde, Belgium; Louis de Brouckere, Belgium; Eduard Benes; Guiseppe Motta, Switzerland; Maharajah of Kapurtula, India; Louis Loucheur, France; Aristide Briand; Sir Joseph Austen Chamberlain, Great Britain; Vittoria Scialoja; Viscount Cecil of Chelwood (Edgar Algernon Robert Gascoyne-Cecil), Great Britain; Mr. Loudon, Netherlands; Jean Paul-Boncour, France; Joseph Beck, Luxemburg; Prince Afra, Persia; Mr. Guetalcheou, Ethiopia; and Mr. Schubert, Germany, leave hall. 

220587          14:14:12 - 14:26:04            1926   Si         B/W   

The League of Nations - Preparatory Commission for Disarmament Conference
Meetings & delegates posing:  Loudon (Netherlands), Paul-Boncour, Robert Cecil & De Brouchere (Belgium).  Outside of hall:  Von Bernstorff (Germany), Jouvenal & Briand (France), Cadogen & Anthony Eden (Great Britain), Japanese delegation, Ethiopian delegation, Maharajah of Kapurthala, India, Turkish delegates & Egyptian delegates.

220587          14:26:33 - 14:28:40            1926   Si         B/W   

The League of Nations - Mr Masaryk's Reception
Masaryk of Czechoslovakia arrives and poses w/ various delegates & Czech Foreign Minister Benes.  Leaving building and into cars.

220587          14:38:41 - 14:50:21            1930s Sd        B/W   

The League of Nations  - League of Nations At Work
Overview of League's inception with explanation of its various departments and functions.
R.1: Montage WWI artillery - war graves - Outlines Woodrow Wilson's principles for a League of Nations  - arrivals for Versailles conference. Map showing League members.
14:40:40 Woodrow Wilson reading newspaper. Leon Franz. Lord Balfour. M. Branting ( Sweden )  Gustav Stresman, Germany; Fridjt Nanson, Norway; Aristide Briand, France; Albert Apponyi, Hungary; Vittorio Scialoja, Italy; and Iguaz Seipel, Austria.
14:41:37 AVs Geneva -  old and new League of Nations building, Geneva, as well as Secretariat Chamber, Counsel Chamber, and Library. Plane wing in corner of frame in some shots. League members arriving by car at the assembly for the last time before moving. Swiss policeman on duty. More delegates arrive.
Interior hall - assembly meeting in progress.
14:44:23 Empty rooms of Council with horseshoe shaped table. Council in session. Delegates leaving after meeting including Maxim Maksimovitch Litvinov, Russia.
14:45:28 Press operations - journalists - committee rooms with notice board.  Reporters talking to Pierre Laval, France  Telephone booths. Bar  - journalists drinking. International newspaper stall. Cafe - waitresses.
14:47;17 The Secretariat, the international Civil Service. Typists pool, girls collating speeches for distribution. Secretary General Joseph Avenol at his desk in office.
14:48:06 International Labour Organization,  exterior buildings interiors.
14:49:00  Permanent court of International Justice in the Hague exteriors
14:49:38 Department of Finances.  Secretary General, the Treasurer,  Seymour Jacklin, group in garden, man speaking in French, English subtitles re finance.

220586          13:00:16 - 13:02:31            1930s ?          Si         B/W   

League of Nations - Interior Views
Seating with a few delegates. Unidentified men in group. People preparing chamber.

 

221143          06:50:36 - 06:51:46            18Feb1932    Sd        B/W

League of Nations Group Sails In Hope Of Ending War Crises – Manchuria, Manchukuo

Men on shipboard shaking hands.  CU of various men looking into camera.

06:51:19  Devastation & ruins in Chinese city, smoking wreckage and bombed store fronts.

06:51:38  Ship leaving dock w/ streamers and crowd lining rail.  People on dock.

 

220587          14:00:15 - 14:07:07            1933   Sd        B/W   

The League of Nations - Construction of Palais Des Nations
Geneva: Top shots nearly completed building - cranes  - flags of nations raised on wires - tree on roof ?
14:03:55 People looking at scale model of building.
Rear view men making speeches in French in gardens ?

 

220587          14:07:36 - 14:13:30            1934   Sd        B/W   

The League of Nations - Disarmament Conference
Disarmament Conference (1934) US / France Delegates explain hopes for conference.  Mary Wooley from US talks of her impressions of conference - impressed by  Friendliness and goodwill , Da Matta, Portugal, Maksim Litvinoff, Russia. 
14:12:43 Delegates in assembly & on street include League President Richard Sandler, French Foreign Minister Jean Barthou, Disarmament Conference President Henderson, Czech Minister of Foreign Affairs Benes, Irish President Eamon De Valera.

 

LN 400-280  19:41:15 - 19:52:49            1935?            Sd        B/W

19:49:04  League of Nations meetings.  Locarno, Geneva. 

Including: 19:49:51 - 19:50:49       William B. Shearer, American propagandist lobbyist.  Wrecked League of Nations Conference.  London Naval Conference. 

 

220587          14:50:50 - 14:52:06            1936   Sd        B/W   

The League of Nations  - League of Nations At Work [Reel 2 Pt 1]
R.2: Displays diplomatic successes of League, Saarland returns to Germany
Map of  region -  international troops from League of Nations countries who will keep order in Saarland when voting takes place on plebiscite. Good shots British, Dutch, Italian and Swedish troops - reviewed by High Commissioner   Geoffry Knox. People voting - ballot boxes - votes counted. Saar returns to Germany (1935).

220587          14:52:10 - 14:59:48            1936   Sd        B/W   

The League of Nations  - League of Nations At Work [Reel 2 Pt 2]
R.2: Displays diplomatic successes of League,  The Dispute between Italy and Ethiopia
Map showing Ethiopia.  Ethiopian demonstration. Marching Italian troops and small tanks / armoured cars. Ethiopian troops march through village - good close ups.
14:53:58 Assembly in session to discuss the Italian / Ethiopian problem. Baron Aloisi  Italy) makes speech in French with English subtitles. M. Laval (France) makes statement. Anthony Eden (Britain) makes statement re maintenance of peace.  M Tecle Hawariate (Ethiopia). Graphic detailing costs of last war - costs of world armaments - cost of League of Nations small in comparison. Peace poster.

220588          15:50:57 - 16:00:43            1936   Sd        B/W   

Sixteenth Assembly (July, 1936).
On invasion of Ethiopia by Italy.  Assembly President Van Zeeland (Belgium), Massey (Canada) & Bruce (Australia) speak on possibility of withdrawal of sanctions against Italy.  De Graef (Netherlands) & De Velies (Hungary) speak.  Sebahbodi (Iran) says his nation cannot participate in motions which will abrogate the rights of nations." 
15:56:30 Man speaking in French re League - mentions United States of Europe..
15:58:10 Various unid.
15:58:24 Haile Selassie in London  - crowds at railway station. Selassie arriving in Geneva  - surrounded by crowds as he leaves railway station. Makes statement. Selassie at League of Nations - heckled by Italian journalists.

220587          14:29:27 - 14:37:50            1936   Sd        B/W   

The League of Nations - Message From Geneva
British policy towards League & operational functions.
Exterior Houses of Parliament - Big Ben - V/O speech of Edward VIII re opening of Parliament and League of Nations. Exterior BBC Broadcasting House - Exterior Post Office HQ -  Man on telephone arranging radio broadcast from League of Nations in Geneva.  Map showing post office radio land lines across Europe. Radio engineers preparing circuits.
14:31:10 Canterbury Cathedral  - good montage using telegraph wires and tracking shots to illustrate route from Geneva to England.
14:31:38 BBC radio / broadcast technicians at desks, switching to Geneva. Broadcaster in front of microphone in Geneva -  speaks re relief.
14:32:00 Geneva stockshots - lake - buildings - hotels flying nations flags. Delegates arriving at old electoral building - interior  - Panning top shot Geneva. Construction work on the new Palais des Nations which is being carried out by builders of ten nationalities.
14:33:37 Interior Secretariat which is already up and running. Telephonists / switchboard. Meeting taking place in small room of Leagues Economic Committee.  Post room.  Post van leaving. Treasurer Seymour Jacklin.
14:35:10 Press office - journalists at desks. Telephone booths, reporters phoning in report.  Undersecretary Frank Walters phones Radio Nations, part of Radio Suisse.  Speaks to man re broadcast.  Radio Nations building - aerials - interior.
14:36:59 AVs Palais des Nations. Radio aerials, technicians.

220588          15:29:00 - 15:38:26            1937   Sd        B/W   

League of Nations - The League at Work [Reel 1]
La Societe ˆ L'Oeuvre (1937) Explores history of and explains the various functions of each branch of the League of Nations.
Views of aftermath of WWI 1914-1918, cemeteries / war graves CU Private Harmon / Cheshire Regiment.  Versailles treaty.   Explains covenant of League and shows League's founder Woodrow Wilson.
15:30:06 Exterior League of Nations building - League President Joseph Avenol speaks on the functions of each branch.  League post office - man with post trolley - typing pool -  girls at roneo / copying machines. Man in office with secretary  translating. Post room where incoming and outgoing mail stamped.  Reference library, man walking through shelving holding books.
15:32:17 Mr Seymour Jacklin - treasurer tells of League finances.  Writing on blackboard how budget is worked out. Various buildings for which the League is financially responsible.  Still Lord Balfour.
15;33:49 Information section - electricity pylons -  radio transmitters.  Radio broadcasts in different languages - English, French, Spanish.  League publications loaded onto van for distribution.  Pamphlets. Press communications.  Man walking into hall is surrounded by reporters for press briefing.  Newspaper headlines re some of the issues the League has to deal with.
15;35:19 Legal section.  Two men in office. Large ledger removed from shelf and written in.  Avenol to camera.
15:36:22 Political section - Frank P. Walters speaks to camera - is handed files and talks of recent problems the league has to deal with over shots of assembly gathering and taking seats.  Anthony Eden at 15:37:17
15:37:46 Minorities -  Political agitator on soapbox addresses outdoor meeting.  Black man addressing meeting.  Hand writing in copper plate the work Petition.

220588          15:38:26 - 15:50:43            1937   Sd        B/W   

League of Nations - The League at Work [Reel 2]
La SocietŽ ˆ L'Oeuvre (1937) Explores history of and explains the various functions of each branch of the League of Nations.
Men walking down stairs in League of Nations building.
Mr de Hallah ? speaks re the mandate system.  Maps.  Montage brief shots mandated areas - Tropical forest / tea picking / rice picking.  Interior  League in session
15:40:00 Thanassis Aghnides speaks on disarmament policies.  Montage short shots military action and casualties.  Arthur Henderson speaks at World disarmament conference.  Year books which give details about world's arms and trade in arms.  Montage shots arms factories / docks loading.  Avenol to camera.
15:41:57 Economic section - man along corridor.  Economic section meeting in small room.  Economic Intelligence service - Mr Alexander Loveday speaks - montage shots financial districts.  Statistical year book 1935 /1936.
15;43:20 Communications and transport - CU steam train wheel turning - docks / harbour -  car along highway - passport - small airport.
15:44:15 Social section - female voice over shots of poor children playing on cobbled street - looks like England.  Exterior prison.   Run down street  and hotel sign as commentary explains the League's work in the abolition of brothels and prostitution.
15:45:16 - Campaign against dangerous drugs / narcotics.  Junks in harbour.  Meeting of three men and one woman re drugs.   Old Scotland yard ? Shots heroin / hashish and other drugs.  Smuggling.
15:46:19 Intellectual co-operation Montage the arts - painting / carving / film making.  Boys in classroom. Radio broadcasts to 31 countries .
15:46:59 Health - Singapore bureau, doctor gets report re contagious diseases. This information is passed to other countries and ships at sea.  Meeting re nutrition.  Boy carried up steps on stretcher / brief shot hospital ward. Laboratory. Montage very brief Rio / China /
15:48:25 Avenol to camera introduces Anthony Eden who speaks of the League and its future.  Sums up purpose of League, "...we have a consistent principle of action for peace." 

LN 400-282  01:35:25 – 01:44:01            1940-42        SD        B/W   

Why We Fight - Prelude to War Reel 2 Pt 2

Including: 01:41:32 Stimson denounces Japanese aggression, League of Nations team including Lord Lytton and Frank McCoy go to Manchuria.  Lord Lytton delivers report denouncing Japan's seizure of Manchuria.  Brief Ext. League of Nations, interiors League censures Japan as aggressor nation.  Japanese delegate speaking and Japan leave the League. Brief montage America, England, France re not convinced enough to go to war over Manchuria. 

 

           



UNITED NATIONS – 24OCT45 - >

 

Background and Institutions

 

220471          07:33:33 - 07:34:34            1944   SD        B/W   

Stettinius Tells of Peace Program of Dumbarton Oaks
Stettinius speech re creation of organisation to maintain peace (United Nations)  

 

220468          01:56:37 - 01:58:39            1945   SD        B/W   

Opening of World Peace Conference at San Francisco
Apr45  Delegates seated.  Stettinius opening conference.  President Truman speech broadcast from Washington DC - "... just and lasting peace... we must provide the machinery which will make peace not only possible but certain... If we do not want to die together in war, we must learn to live together in peace..."
Stettinius closes first day session with speech.
Title: ÔJoin 7th War Loan Victory Drive'.

220468          02:17:11 - 02:17:19            1945   SD        B/W   

Names In The News - P Premier Soong
Chinese PM signs United Nations charter and shakes hands with Sec of State Byrnes.        

 

220608          06:13:46 - 06:15:38            1945   Sd        b/w    

Nations Meet to Map World Security Plan
San Francisco: Exterior conference hall. Delegates entering through crowds -  including Anthony Eden - Jan Smuts - McKenzie King -  Molotov -  French delegation - King Ibn Saud and entourage from Saudi Arabia.  Senator Connally  and Commander Stasson ?. Interior, delegates register. Top shot convention hall.  Stage - Edward R. Stettinius applauded as he opens meeting. SOF " The conference of the United Nations ....". Shots of audience as they listen to recorded speech from President Truman. Brief shot Truman speaking.

220608          06:15:45 - 06:18:19            1945   Sd        b/w    

World Parley Gets Down to Business
Stettinius making speech at San Francisco conference - remembers war dead of civilians and military and that conference must take the responsibility of seeing that this calamity never again falls upon the World.
06:17:02 Molotov addresses conference in Russian.  Various shots delegates.
06.17:22 Chinese delegate T.V.  Soong on stage, bangs gavel.  Shot Madame Chiang Kai-Shek in audience. Molotov bangs gavel.  Senator Connally in audience.  Two delegates holding newspaper with headlines Nazis Quit. Molotov applauds.
06:17:59 Exterior - street scenes -  crowds outside cinema / movie theatres.  Men putting up sign which says Wars End - Nazis Quit (premature announcement of peace) Crowds gathered in streets cheering including many sailors.

220608          06:19:31 - 06:21:51            1945   Sd        b/w    

Argentine Admitted to World Parley
War veterans, some on crutches enter Opera house where San Francisco conference of United Nations is taking place.  Mexico's Secretary for Foreign Affairs Ezequiel Padilla on stage - speaks in favour of Argentine inclusion - not heard, narration only.  Molotov on stage requests further time for study - interpreter speaking. Stettinius speaking in favour of Argentina. Anthony Eden calls for vote - delegates in favour stand.  Only four nations vote against Argentina.
06:21:34 Argentine Ambassador arrives in Washington - Oscar Ibara Garcia or Garcia Arias (discrepancy between narration and release sheet) Down aircraft steps and greeted by South American and US officials.         

 

220469          03:25:18 - 03:33:08            1945   SD        B/W   

Roosevelt Dies Suddenly
brief summary of his career.
Including:   With American delegation to San Francisco United Nations conference.  Headlines re allies approaching Berlin and Elbe.  Truman sworn in. Good CU FDR.

220608          06:28:50 - 06:34:16            1945   Sd        b/w    

President Truman Closes World Peace Parley
Stettinius greets Truman off plane. Motorcade through cheering crowds for Truman en route to Hotel.  Nimitz meets with Truman. Halifax speaks & standing unanimous vote.  China signs charter , followed by USSR, etc.  Truman speaking to conference, standing applause (slightly out of sync) .  Truman returns to Independence, MO & parade.  Arrives at summer White House there & waves from porch.         

 

220609          07:00:15 - 07:10:56            1945   Sd        b/w    

San Francisco 1945 - United Nations Conference Part 1    
4 motor planes over S.F. harbour with many ships. Views of Golden Gate Bridge; street scenes - traffic - cable cars; pedestrians; military; boy scouts. Chinatown; airport arrival.  Delegates arrival including Jan Smuts - Molotov - Stettinius - Madame Chiang Kai-Shek with T.V. Soong.  Delegates at  RR  / railway station. Airport Control tower.  Wounded returning vets collected from planes by line of ambulances.  Int. of meeting & delegates.   A message from dead President Roosevelt (FDR) is played to conference who are standing in silence.  Exterior people including children of different nationalities looking up at flag. Roosevelt in his speech says we cannot fail and expect the World to survive again.  President Truman reading speech to over radio to conference.  Loudspeakers - filmed recording of speech. Truman says conference is to set up organisation to keep World peace. Top shot delegates applaud.  Delegates talk & leave.  Registration.
07:06:20  Committee meetings both small and large.
07:07:27 Graphic showing proposed system of UN: General Assembly, Security Council, International Court of Justice, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, Secretariat.  Conference in session. Delegates milling about. Smaller meeting.
07:09:28 Delegates on tour of San Francisco.  Unloading ships at docks.  Molotov with workers.  Housing projects; art museum interior; paintings of Benton & Rockwell.        

 

220609          07:11:15 - 07:17:20            1945   Sd        b/w    

San Francisco 1945 - United Nations Conference Part 2
Exterior Movie Theatre / cinema with boards stating that it is exclusively for the delegates of the World Security conference.  Interior cinema, people watching newsreel of German Surrender.  Screen seen over tops of heads in audience.  Surrender document signed.  Brief shot projection room.  Almost full screen end of war - devastation and death.  Survivors cry - children - bomb damaged buildings.
07:12:26 Conference in session - delegates debate.
07:13:30 Lord Halifax makes speech to conference - calls for a vote for approval on charter for United Nations.  Count taken - conference applauding.
07:14:48 24Oct45  Crowds outside waiting for result.  Interiors delegates signing Charter. Press photographers - Stettinius signs and shakes hands with President Truman.  Wounded veterans arrive by bus and enter conference hall, some on crutches.
07:16:19 President Truman addresses conference re success  " ... to find a way to end wars" Flags of all nations flying.

220609          07:17:42 - 07:26:16            1945   Sd        B/W   

24Oct45 World Charter Signed - President Truman Speaks at San Francisco.
Lord Halifax addresses San Francisco Conference.  Stettinius presented with scroll in recognition of his efforts during conference.  Halifax calls for standing vote on World charter.  President Truman's plane lands - he is met by Mr Stettinius and other delegates including Jan Smuts, McKenzie King.  Truman in open top car - parade through streets of San Francisco - crowds line route to watch motorcade.  FBI men ride bumpers of car.  Interior - signing of United Nations charter.  Chinese - Dr Wellington Koo ? - Russian - Mr Gromyko -  Britain - Lord Halifax - France - Joseph Paul-Boncour - USA - Stettinius signs and speaks to press.  Says re importance of occasion.  Senator Connelly signs for US.  Senator Arthur Vandenburg signs.  Commander Stasson ? Last meeting of conference is addressed by President Truman who congratulates delegates and talks re peace
07:25:21 Interior US Congress. Film of dead President Roosevelt (FDR) asking Congress to accept the result of conference as the beginning of a permanent structure of Peace (sound poor on FDR speech)         

 

220474          13:40:18 - 13:45:26            1945   SD        B/W   

Charter Signed For World Peace - Great Conference of United Nations At San Francisco Closes In Triumph
Truman out of plane greets Stettinius. Motorcade through San Francisco.  Standing vote at conference re charter.
Signing charter: Wellington Koo signs for China  and speech (sd); Gromyko signs for Soviet Russia; Halifax for UK; France; Mexico;  Greece; Saudi Arabia; Brazil; Stettinius for USA.
Stettinius speech "... the San Francisco conference has fulfilled its mandate".
Truman speech closing conference (sd) "... you have won a victory against war itself. If we had had this charter a few years ago, and above all the will to use it, millions now dead would be alive. If we shall falter in the future in our  will to use it, millions now living will surely die... let us... make [this charter] a living thing"
Mentions ratification by senate.        

220470          06:00:04 - 06:02:29            1945   SD        B/W   

MacLeish Explains The San Francisco Peace Program
Assistant Secretary of State speech re UNO mission: " the purpose of the United Nations Organisation is to preserve peace and to advance prosperity and social and human rights... peace has always been the policy of the American people...  if there is another war... the United States will be the first target..."
MacLeish stands in front of UN chart showing structure and explains role of each department: General Assembly, Security Council, International Court of Justice.
"...to stop wars by every means peaceful and forcible"
           

220472          09:09:51 - 09:15:14            1945   SD        B/W   

1945 - Year Of Victory
Newsreel Review of Greatest News Year In History
Including:
Truman speech re lasting peace at United Nations Organisation (Sd).
           
220476          18:46:56 - 18:47:34            1945   SD        B/W   

Meeting of Peace Parley's Executive Committee Filmed
San Francisco Conference Exec. Committee meeting w/ Stettinius after German surrender. Molotov. Mackenzie King. Anthony Eden. All stand for a moment of silence.

220477          19:41:51 - 19:43:30            1945   SD        B/W   

Washington News - France Joins United Nations - 79th Congress Convenes
Stettinius and French Ambassador Bonnet; Stettinius speech "... the United Nations will be stronger because France is herself again".
Bonnet signs and shakes hands w/ Stettinius
Majority Leader administered oath of office.
Senator Taylor of Idaho sings campaigning cowboy song on banjo with wife and children on steps Capitol - song re housing shortage.       

220479          01:02:35 - 01:03:24            1945   SD        B/W   

Byrnes Announces Charter of United Nations In Effect
Byrnes signing protocol re United Nations Charter being in force. Byrnes speech to camera. " The United Nations charter is now a part of the law of nations... In the days ahead of us... we will do our utmost to keep the peace".
           

Debates on Peace and Non-proliferation

 

220481          04:16:45 - 04:18:00            1945   SD        B/W   

Problem of Atomic Energy Given To UNO Commission
Byrnes speech at United Nations (UN) re atomic energy
"We won the war by fighting together. We must now preserve the peace by working together.  Peace and reconciliation require common action...   problem of devising the necessary  safeguards to ensure that atomic energy will be used for the benefit of humanity and not its destruction.  We have fought together for freedom. Let's now show that we are worthy of the freedom that we won." 

 

220972          09:50:21 - 09:51:25            1940s c          SIL       B/W   

[UN Security Council Meeting]
Vars MS and LS United Nations Security Council? meeting in chamber.      


220917          00:21:51 - 00:32:12            1945 & 1967 SD        COL&B/W       

Pursuit of Peace Reel 1 Pt 3
Autumn trees - home of Professor Tom Shelling.  Prof. raking leaves with son.  Family walking with dogs on heath.  Prof.  working at night - speaking into dictaphone.  Smokes pipe - dog watches.  Open reel tape recorder.  Grandfather clock shows midnight -  cu second hand moving.
00:24:43 Switzerland - Control tower at Geneva airport - Swissair plane landing - delegates arriving for Disarmament Conference.  Crowds watching.  William C. Foster, director of US Arms Control and Disarmament Agency arrives to head American delegation. Foster at press conference - says the most important point of conference should be the achievement of a non-proliferation treaty. 
00:25:57 Lake Geneva,  pan round to Palais des Nations - dedication stone to Woodrow Wilson.  Exteriors new League of Nations building - European HQ of United Nations.  Soviet / Russian mission which is a secluded house surrounded by trees.  In centre of town is American mission - glass and aluminium building. Interior US delegation meeting.   William Foster at desk working.
00:27:59 Top shot Lake Geneva and UN building.  Interiors empty conference chamber.
00:28:19 US flag on front of car.  Foster  in car as travelling to UN building.  Good shots Palais des Nations.  Interiors - reporters and cameramen crowd round delegates.  Foster arrives and out of car.  Peacock on steps.  Various delegates arrive - interiors as delegates meet and greet.
00:30:03 B/W  Montage pivotal points - Meeting on the Elbe -  destruction of Nazi sign at Nuremberg - German surrender - VE day celebrations.  San Francisco conference to sign charter for United Nations.  President Truman  speaking at conference.  Troopships coming home to US.  Russian soldiers going home. Brief shot casualty being transported home.
Cold War        

 

220468          01:00:51 - 01:01:35            1946   SD        B/W   

News Flashes - UNO Banquet England
United Nations banquet presided over by Lord Mayor of London:  Attlee smoking cigar - Bevin laughing.  UNO President Spaak of Belgium.  Secretary-General Lee of Norway.  Bevin, Martin & others drink from enormous loving cup.
 

221357 22:09:09 - 22:10:29 1946 B/W SD England Central Hall, London; UNO Hears Stettinius
Ed Herlihy announces. Edward Stettinius shaking hands across table w/ USSR Andre Gromyko as Vishinsky watches. Table w/ Netherlands & Mexico representatives behind signs. Ernest Bevin sitting betwween Stettinius & Gromyko.
22:09:35 Stettinius: “Mr President, the Security Council today begins its history. It will be a history momentous in the consequences for the human race. This is a new beginning in the long conquest of peace & security. Many failures lie behind this day, & many difficulties lie ahead. This time we can not afford to ?. We have a great deal of organizational work today before we can complete the security system intended by the Charter. Let us begin now upon this work. If we build sensibly & steadily, and in loyal friendship together we will not betray the hopes of the men & women everywhere that today are placed in our hands.” Applause.
              

220470          05:23:25 - 05:25:11            1946   SD        B/W   

UNO, Mankind's Hope For Peace, Opens In London England
Central Hall, London exterior.  United Nations meeting. Saudi Arabian delegation; Canadian delegation; Stettinius and Byrnes.  Attlee speech.  Delegates cast votes for President of Assembly.  Spaak opens first session.
05:25:01 King George's reception for delegation heads.  Bevin and Byrnes laughing with King George.    

 

220475          15:49:04 - 15:49:55            1946   SD        B/W   

Film Report Of News Events - UNO Delegates Hear Soldier's Viewpoint
Field Marshall Sir Harold Alexander addresses United Nations conference in Albert Hall; describes daily life of soldier "... physical discomfort of war but also mental ones, the least of which are long periods of extreme boredom... sheer  stupidity that civilized mankind should try to resolve its problems by resorting to  the laws of the jungle."   

220917          00:32:31 - 00:42:10            1946 - 1963 SD        B/W   

Pursuit of Peace Reel 2 Pt 1
B/W War Graves  - blowing up aircraft after WWII.  Demobilization in US - fleet in mothballs - scrap jeeps.  Production of household / white goods, irons, electric cookers. Whiz-pan.
00:33:15  1946 - United Nations - Bernard Baruch - proposal for international control of all atomic energy.
00:33:40 Aerial views Berlin post WWII,  bomb damage.  US aid  / Marshall Plan / Cargo ships unloading.  Montage shots European countries benefiting from aid - construction work - laying new RR tracks - steam train - agriculture - haymaking.
00:34:24 AVs Berlin 1948 - ground shots empty railway stations and roads - travel restrictions - blockade. Berlin airlift  - planes flying in low - supplies unloaded. Blockade lifted - border gates opened.
00:35:11 North Atlantic Treaty Organisation. Flags flying - montage military - naval - aircraft - troops marching.  Scots guards. (NATO)
00:35:31 Korea - Night shots artillery barrage. Day, Korean refugees.  United Nations Security Council.  Battle scenes Korean war.  Injured soldier carried on stretcher.  Blood transfusion given in the field.  Korean peace talks - delegates arrive - sign.
00:36:40 Rocket fired - space race - Russian experiments with weightlessness etc.  Missile launched. Nuclear powered submarine.  Russia - Military parade in Moscow's Red Square - montage shots Russian and US Military hardware intercut.
00:38:12 USAF Reconnaissance plane landing. Still pix missile bases on Cuba.  Brief shots re missile crisis - press. President John F. Kennedy addresses the nation re crisis - announces Cuban blockade - speech continues over shots Recon. planes landing - film removed, developed and studied.  operations rooms.  B-52 bombers taking off.  Brief shot JFK on small TV screen, people watching. 
00:40:02 Adlai Stevenson speaks at United Nations -  asks USSR delegate if they are putting missiles in Cuba.  Russian delegate refuses to answer.  AVs Russian ships approaching Cuba  - UN Navy ship running parallel.
00:41:26 Averill Harriman with Dean Rusk arrive at Kennedy holiday home after negotiating atmospheric atomic test ban treaty in Moscow. Press - photocall with President.
00:41:45 Moscow - Kremlin - treaty signed by US, Soviet Union and Great Britain. 
Cold War        

 

220627          04:09:48 - 04:10:52            1946 ?           Si         b/w    

United Nations, CU of Delegates & small meeting
Interior of United Nations. CU of ??  Horseshoe table, people get up, pan around.

220627          04:13:57 - 04:15:21            1946 ?           Si         b/w    

[United Nations, pre-meeting activity]
Interior of United Nations.  Audience shots; views of newsreel cameramen.  Chinese in military uniforms.  Poland, USSR, delegates.  Photographers taking pictures of two women beforehand, one very pretty in fur coat.  Man with scar on left cheek.      

 

220627          04:15:23 - 04:15:54            1946 ?           Si         b/w    

[United Nations, pre-meeting activity]
Still photographers & man with bandage on forehead & nose.  Pan over delegates at horse-shoe table.     

 

220357          02:00:21 - 02:04:23            1961   SD        B/W   

"Peace Race" Is Kennedy Challenge
Exterior UN building. John F Kennedy  out of car.  JFK to speaker's stand.  UN audience sits.
JFK speech: "Dag Hammarskjold is dead. The United Nations live... the task for which he died is at the top of our agenda... his place can only be filled by one man...  contemplate the day when this planet will no longer be inhabitable... every woman, man and child lives under a nuclear .... weapons of war must be abolished before they abolish us... it is our intention to challenge the Soviet Union not to an arms race but to a peace race... until disarmament has been achieved...  Never have the nations of the world had so much to lose, or so much to gain... "
Applause

220308          10:09:20 - 10:10:11            1962   Sd        b/w    

Crisis Eases - Wary US Awaits Missile Removal
United Nations building. Photographers.  Russia's first deputy foreign minister Vassilei Kuznetsov with U Thant and others to dismantle Soviet bases in Cuba.
           

220317          22:00:08 - 22:07:59            1962   Sd        B/W   

One Week in October Part 1
Cuban missile crisis - American Version
Reconnaissance photographs showing Russian missiles and same area following missile crisis with no missiles.
22:01:17  Columbus Day parade.  Baseball match, Yankees v San Francisco Giants.  Little girl in callipers - poster girl for March of Dimes ( polio charity ). Jackie Kennedy with children of foreign diplomats. Fireworks in Uganda celebrating independence.  Vatican - torchlight vigil.  President John F Kennedy - JFK - with Ahmed Ben Bella, Premier of Algeria.
22:02:57 Havana AVs.  Ben Bella with Castro.
US moon rocket launch, man follows ascent through telescope.  Defence department training in fall out protection - civil defence - Fall out shelter stocked - various other fall out shelters including community shelter in Kansas.  Food and water drums, medical supplies - radiological monitoring equipment off assembly lines and transported by rail to various parts of America.  Naval Supply Centre Oakland.  Forklift trucks moving goods.  Sign erected for community fallout shelter - radiation signs.
22:04:42  Election campaign - American Legion meeting - Truman making speech.  Helicopter landing on White House Lawn.
22:05:15  Cuba  - beach scenes. Military parade.  Desecration of monument.  Riots and demonstrations. Fidel Castro entering Havana 1959 - crowds celebrating.
22;06:21 United Nations - Castro and Khruschev embrace. Mikoyen visit to Havana. Trade agreement between Russia and Cuba signed.  Russian cargo ships en route to Havana.  Cuban refugees in small boats - women and children.  Map showing proximity to USA.

220317          22:18:12 - 22:29:24            1962   Sd        B/W   

One Week in October Part 3
Cuban missile crisis - American Version
22:18:12 White House - Vox pops re possibility of war and relationship with Russia
22:19:02 Civil defence shelters - supermarket shelves stripped - queues at checkouts.
22:19:21 Governor Rossolini and Governor Rockefeller re civil defence bulletin.
Community fallout shelters stocked - Lorries and trucks on road carrying supplies.
22:20:12 AV United Nations building - UN Ambassador Stevenson asks of the USSR delegate whether there are missile bases on Cuba.
22:20:53 Kennedy signs Quarantine order;   22:20:57 Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara speaks at Pentagon re enforcing quarantine, row of newsreel cameramen; - 22:21:37 Strategic Air Command B-52 bombers take off - Interceptors and fighters take off - radar dishes / radio communications. Air craft carriers - US battleship at sea . US intercepts Soviet tanker and allows her to proceed. reconnaissance aircraft over Cuba
22:24:42  Kremlin - White House   - SAC bombers /  aircraft and missiles prepared  - on alert.
HQ American Air Defence command - interior control room.  People waiting for news - White House and Kremlin
22:26:10 Press Secretary Salinger re message Kennedy has received from Khruschev saying he will dismantle missile sites in Cuba; 22:26:20 Kennedy gets out of car to church.
22:26:29 US fleet - wives return to Guantanamo - celebrations -   sign on Tuba "Hi Honey - dinner's defrostin".  Small church, Americans going to services.  Recon photos showing missiles dismantled - Soviet ships carrying missiles out of Cuba.
Americans on streets.
Rolling caption by  Department of Defense re importance of civil defence - radioactive fallout etc.

220522          18:12:19 - 18:17:58            1964   Sd        B/W   

US Bolsters Forces - Planes and Men Rushed to Asia
US ship Maddox, one of two patrol boats attacked off Gulf of Tonkin near North Vietnam.  Aircraft Carriers USS TICONDEROGA, USS CONSTELLATION planes taking off.  White house at night - President Johnson address to the Nation re crisis - unprovoked attack - US seeks no wider war - re instructions to Ambassador Stevenson.  Exterior United Nations building.  Interiors,  Stevenson speaks re attacks in S.E. Asia.
18:15:33 US forces in South Vietnam - out of helicopter - across fields.  Fighter bomber aircraft landing.
LBJ speaks re solemn responsibility  - firmness will always be measured - its mission is peace.

220522          18:40:24 - 18:42:22            1964   Sd        b/w    

Khruschev Resigns
Montage profile shots. K waving from train. K at meeting. K with Mao Tse Tung. K with Nasser. K at United Nations making speech and gesticulating - banging desk with fists. Khruschev waving with hat at parade in Red Square. Interiors meeting of Central Committee - Khruschev seated and applauded by audience and Brezhnev who has now taken over. Brezhnev making speech at microphone - some natsof.
18:42:02 Newspaper headlines and picture Khruschev. K's 70th birthday party 

 

 

Debates re Palestine Issue

 

220685          01:17:18-01:18:33  1947   SD        B/W   

UN Ponders Palestine Problem / Cairo Haifa Express Blown Up
Flushing Meadow - exterior of building.  Interiors - United Nations meeting in progress.  Dr. Oswaldo Aranha, President of the session. Assembly seated.
01:17:47 Palestine - Terrorist attack at Rehovoth - Cairo to Haifa express blown up and derailed. British soldiers looking through wreckage of train.  Eight dead and 41 injured.  Injured Turkish woman mourning over body of her 3-year old son.  Injured carried from train. Wreckage.
           

220656          23:20:54 - 23:22:54            1947   SD        B/W   

US - Russia Back UN Plan for Holy Land
Two former US vessels carrying Jewish refugees arrive in Haifa (Hagana ships).  Immigrants on board ship hold up dead baby which had suffocated on over-crowded ship.   Refugee being deloused.  Jews disembark including women and small children. Sick carried on stretchers.  Refugees transferred to other ships which will deport them to Cyprus detention camps. 
23:21:56  Lake Success, New York, United Nations meeting in progress.  Herschel Johnson (sync) states US  backs UNSCOP majority partition plan - calls for UN assistance.  Meeting in progress. Narration mentions Russia's support for the plan.