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THE MARSHALL PLAN IN EUROPE
ECA = Economic cooperation administration, government
agency set up to administer the Marshall plan.
ERP = European Recovery Program
221260 05:28:01
- 05:38:09 195? Greece,
Italy, France, Germany, England; Sardinia; B/W SD
Your Eighty Dollars Pt. 1 of 3
Montage of rebuilding & rearming western democracy re NATO. 1948. Acropolis, Coliseum,
Leaning Tower of Pisa, Notre Dame, Paris Opera, Tower Bridge, Istanbul
Mosque. Talking about Marshall
Plan. Ruins of war in various cities. Greek Orthodox priest among ruins.
05:30:52 Greek civil war
fighting. Berlin & Cold War w/
signs of sectors. Map of Europe. Aerial of factory & heavy
industrial activity. Steel,
shipbuilding, dams.
05:32:10 London & people
walking across bridge; Communist posters; people & kids in CU hungry. Communist demonstration & parade.
05:32:41 George Marshall
speaking describing need for aid. Ships being loaded w/ crates, food, tires, barrels. ECA
symbol on bags. Unloading grain, catepillars, handing
out shoes to kids. Lines of people
getting coal, machinery installed in factories. Communist demonstration & speaker to crows.
05:35:07 Title: 1949 year of Recovery. Rebuilding homes, factories. Men working, building, laying
foundations.
05:35:45 Organization for
European Economic Cooperation meeting of 18 countries. Men
looking at agriculture equipment, harvesting by machine & hand. Cleaning up Sardinia to get rid of
malaria. Draining swamps. Housing projects rebuilt w/ scafolding around
them. Draining farm land. Irrigation. Plowing. Farm
family eating around table. Women
buy food at market.
221260 05:38:09
- 05:47:20 195? B/W SD
Your Eighty Dollars Pt. 2 of 3
INCLUDING:
Communist posters against Marshall Plan aid.
Title: 1950 Year of Expansion Construction of housing projects; dams under construction. Concrete
poured. Power turbines. Steel industry & factory. Coal
mining w/ men working at face. Slag in steel mill filling cars; coal arriving. Farming. Workers into factories & time clock. Men & women listening, looking, .
05:41:09 ECA & Marshall speaking on second anniversary says much effort is
necessary, erasing of trade barriers & cooperation for banking &
currency.
05:42:23 Trees into wood pulp for
paper as men watch while touring US. Americans in Europe answering questions. European meeting for assisting currency. Workers in heavy industry. Ship launching. Camera manufacturing. Textile industry & working on
looms. Manufacturing motor
scooters & motorbikes. Heavy
tractor & ruck construction. Motorcycles, cars. Cars
loaded into ships, exporting barrels. Trade union meeting. People
buying in stores, looking at consumer goods, food, shoes. people in pub. Men at cattle auction. Harvesting grain & rice. Folk dancing in Greece.
05:46:27
221104 10:10:54
- 10:21:59 1950 italy B/W SD
Emilia [Part 1 of 2]
The Regions of Italy series - Prod./Dir. Vittorio Gallo
Countryside scenes in Emilia region of Northern Italy - VO “richest province in
Italy” & most Communist. Blossoming fruit trees in orchard. Tower of Abbey of Pomposa [?] seen through cloisters. Reflection of castle seen in moat at
Ferrara. Courtyard of old
university building in Bologna. Vars churches. Ruins of
town of Pianoro destroyed by WWII bombin - scenes around new town funded by ECA. Farmer hoeing soil as express train passes - CU checks pocket
watch.
10:14:40
221104 10:22:00
- 10:32:54 1950 italy B/W SD
Emilia [Part 2 of 2]
INCLUDING:
INT factory - workers making ? w/
American machines - Italian foreman trained in Detroit speaks to camera re
how machines funded by ECA have speeded up manufacturing, trans. by narrator; CUs machine tools at
work. INT tractor factory - rows
of finished vehicles.
10:24:45
220847 08:11:05
- 08:23:13 1950 France b/w Sd
Liquid Force - Hydro
Electricity
INCLUDING
Electric pylons / power lines -
sparking as arms moving. Montage where electricity is used -
transport / trolley buses - trains - industry - Car factory, motors on production line. Montage streams, waterfalls and
reservoirs. Animated map showing projects underway in building dams. Building
dams on River Rhone. Construction work using heavy machinery - commentary
explains that a lot of the machinery and the money / finance to construct these
projects comes from Marshall Plan.
Men working day and night - welding.
08:16:00
221210 04:11:33
- 04:19:48 1944 Italy b/w Si
[Allied Occupation of
Rome & Electrical Power Restoration; Building RR] (Sep44)
Int. of huge Cerravo generating system near Terni in Central Italy, Italian
civilian men working w/ US Army on pipes and rebuilding, measuring &
fitting. Large equipment moved on
overhead crane & set in place.
04:13:18 Ext. of enormous
destruction, US or British Army
officer & two men look at plans & point. Burned transformer. High angle overview of destruction.
04:14:34 Marmore Falls w/ peasants
in carts past destroyed bus or truck on side of road. Steam engine puling open cars over railroad bridge under
reconstruction. US Sergeant giving
paperwork to engineer & others on train passing road crossing. Other freight train activity thru
countryside.
04:16:19 Railroad yard w/
destroyed tracks, cars. Men
working on reconstructing tracks & roadbed past destroyed town. Heavily destroyed railyard.
04:17:28 Military trucks over
Bailey Bridge in front of higher bridge under reconstruction. MS of men pouring concrete, moving
timbers; women carrying rock in baskets on heads on road project. Dumping on stone pile. Carrying large rocks on head.
221210 04:26:27
- 04:34:03 1946 France b/w Si
[France, Cleaning Up
Bridge & Railroad Wreckage] (1946)
Large bridge reconstruction in wide valley. Another bridge partially
reconstructed w/ trains crossing. Large Stone arched bridge under reconstruction. Men moving stone & concrete.
04:27:24 Men working on railroad
steam engine, lifting w/ track beneath w/ hand cranked jack. Destroyed railroad track &
roadbed. Slow pan showing
destruction. Destroyed railyard and equipment
buildings. Men climb thru large
wreckage of concrete building.
04:30:17 Partially rebuilt bridge
over valley; another with reconstruction beginning w/ stones showing; men
working on pipe scaffolding. Steam
engine pullng passenger & freight cars slowly backed across bridge under
reconstruction. Large damaged water
tower and control tower in railroad yard. Twisted steel of damaged railyard being dismantled.
04:33:09 LS of railroad yard
activity w/ smoking engines. Slow
pan across showing mostly destroyed yards.
221210 04:34:15
- 04:38:01 1946 France b/w Si
[France, Le Havre
Wrecked Docks, Bunkers & City Buildings ] (1946)
Wrecked concert buildings in Port of La Havre. Liberty ship John Catron entering harbor beyond. Horse cart pulling wagon thru mounds of
rubble. Man walking along stone
wall; another digging at roadside passed by US Army truck.
04:35:30 Bomb damaged area leveled. Prisoners working cleaning up. LS of
Le Havre showing much of town bombed out. Church steeple in foreground, harbor in background. Traffic moving around ruins.
04:36:26 Dump truck unloading
bricks stockpiled for later
use. LS of traffic thru destroyed
area after cleanup. Dynamite
explosion of German bunkers. Workers
finishing clean-up w/
jack-hammers. Loading into
railroad car. POW workers heating
lunch pails over fire.
221210 04:38:11
- 04:41:27 1946 France b/w Si
[France, Caen Clean-up
& Temporary Housing] (1946)
View over partially cleaned up bombed areas.
04:38:24 Workers painting new small houses; bricklayers working on
larger blocks of housing. Stone
cutting or cleaning on construction site. Standing houses beyond construction. Workers tarring roof of small newly constructed wooden
framed houses. Unrolling roofing
paper & tarring.
04:40:02 View of partially
finished blocks of houses; smaller
new houses on bombed out site. Woman walking in street w/ baby and young girl. Washing clothes near stone rubble wall,
new small houses behind. Woman
hanging clothes outside ew house. Childen
out of new school building, teacher
locks door.
221210 04:41:36
- 04:50:28 1946 France b/w Si
[France, Marseilles Port
Activity & Arrival of Food Supplies] (1946)
Unloading wheat from American ship docked, trucks along dock. Wheat
unloaded w/ crane, bagged and carried off. Customs man counting bags on truck & giving permits to
drivers. CU sign Cape Poge on ship. Stevedores unloading bags of Maine
potatoes from ship & onto truck outside warehouse.
04:45:33 CU of man inspecting
potatoes. Men carrying bags on
backs. Loading bags in slings from
ship. 04:46:35 LS across harbor to crane. Smokey. Unloading locomotive (not seen well); man cutting steel of
wrecked ship. Men unchaining
locomotive to be unloaded from ship hold; three others seen in hold. Crane moving locomotive & placing
on dock, men guide into place. Sign: Built by Lima
Locomotive Works. Soldier w/ rifle
patroling dock. Other views of
locomotives being unloaded.
221241 17:03:49
- 17:05:18 1947 Greece B/W SIL
U.S. Starts
Rebuilding Of Greece
Aircraft carrier from water w/ deck
loaded w/ planes. Sailors &
others up on elevator. View of
dock w/ debris & piles of rubble. Scafoldign & men working on mixing concrete. US freighter w/ flag flying. Locomotive off loaded. Military vehicles on beach or
shore. Slings of bags of food aid
out of ship’s hold & swung onto shore. CU of bakery flour bag from Eckhart Millling Co.,
Chicago. Men carry and pile bags
of flour.
221109 20:07:52
- 20:16:57 1949 USA B/W SD
The Congress
March of Time Forum Edition
INCLUDING
20:14:05 Truman testifiying for ERP (European
Recovery Program). Headline re
Marshall Plan w/ Marshall testifying.
20:15:26
220847 08:34:13
- 08:44:17 1949 Italy Europe Holland Turkey Belgium
Greece France
b/w Sd
Europe Looks Ahead
Part One
Montage shots daily life around
Europe post war. Stamp ERP -
European Recovery Programme.
Shipyard - workers on ships - painting anchor
chain. Ship on booklet which is being shown to class of school children. Marshall Plan. Industry - smoking chimneys - interior factories - steel production. People looking
at posters showing European Economic Progress.
08:36:47 Walcheren island off Holland - remains of wreckage on shore from WWII.
Dykes collapsed and sea had reclaimed land. Post war farming, reclaiming the
land, tractor driver. Harvest - grain / wheat.
08:37:36 Steam shovels carrying out further land reclamation - dykes being
built.
08:37:53 Turkey - agriculture - farming. Tractor. Local expert and American
advisors instructing Turkish farmers - new machinery, plough from Detroit,
combine harvester. Loading wagon with flour.
08:38:58 Denmark - chicken farming - feed supplied by Marshall Plan. Livestock farming - pigs, cows. Cheese tested.
Cheese and other products loaded onto lorries for export. Docks, loading ships.
08:39:56 Antwerp Port - dockers loading ships with barrels. Top shot harbour.
Cargo ships.
08:40:56 Italy - people looking
at posters re reconstruction of Italian ports funded in part by Marshall Plan.
Rebuilt railway bridge crossing Po river. Freight train over river.
08:41:41
220847 08:44:26
- 08:52:57 1949 France
Norway West Germany England Austria
b/w Sd
Europe Looks Ahead Part
Two
River Rhone - work to divert the path of the river between Montdragon and ?.
Huge machinery - earth moving equipment. Work is being carried out to channel water into new hydro-electric
reservoir / dam.
08:44:42 Norway - northern most
iron mine in the World being re-equipped and modernised. Shots town, snow
covered buildings. Man walking next to barbed wire fence which forms the border
between Russia / Soviet Union and Norway. American mining equipment used - iron ore.
08:45:30 Northern Austria - interior steel mill / foundry shots.
08:46:21 Volkswagen cars in West Germany. Interior car factory -
motor parts. production line.
08:47:10 England - rubber tyre factory. Sacks of carbon black stamped with
USA being unloaded. Rubber production. HMV radio -
announcer says that the British standard of living has improved during 1949
partly due to Marshall plan. Workers leaving factory. Workers in canteen
eating. Women in grocery shop.
08:48:25 Freight train - men working on overhead electrical wires. Exports to
America - men packing crates - Austin Motor Cars for export to USA. Women
polishing cars.
08:49:24 Various shots construction work using heavy machinery. Planning office.
08:50:07 Animated map Europe showing proposed areas of economic co-operation.
Paris HQ of O.E.E.C. Organisation for European Economic Co-operation ( Common
Market ) - men entering building. Meeting between OEEC and Marshal Plan
representatives.
08:51:00 Strasbourg - meeting place - flags flying. Conference calling for the
political unification of all the free nations of Europe. Council of Europe in
session - Winston Churchill - Paul Henri Spak of Belgium.
08:51:32 Education - children taught about united Europe. Customs signs of England France Italy. Customs checks made in various countries. Border post lifted and lorry drives
through.
221327 08:32:38
- 08:3 1948 Canada; USA; B/W Sd/Sil
Truman Honored With
Canadians; Signs Aid Bill
College of William And Mary ext. w/ Black in Revolutionary era dress opening
gates & women on steps behind in Colonial formal dresses. President Truman & ?? walking ahead
of others. High angle crowd seated
outdoors. Truman talking w/ ?? in
college robes as others including William MacKenzie King, stand in background
on steps. Spectators stand &
applaud (SOF) as man on dias receives honorary degree. Military VIPs standing in front row.
08:33:17 MS Canada’s Prime Minister William
MacKenzie King receiving sash of honorary degree. Graduates seen. Swish pan to...
08:33:46 President Truman (in
light suit) in office 03Apr48 signing Foreign Assistance Act of 1948 giving aid
to Greece & Turkey and creating European Recovery Program (ERP or
Marshall Plan) w/ European
Cooperation Administration (ECA) to administer. Various Congressional VIPs surround him including Rep. Joe
Martin.
08:33:57 Truman (in dark suit)
signing another bill w/ VIPs watching, includes Edward Stettinius, Sec.
Vandenberg others.
08:34:11 CU document signed.
08:34:13 Original group w/ Truman in
light suit passing out pens from the signing.
08:34:28 Truman reads statement
(low sound): “The Foreign
Assistance Act is the best answer that this country can make in reply to the
vicious and distorted misrepresentations of our efforts for peace which have
been spread abroad by those who do not wish our efforts to succeed. This measure is America’s answer to the
challenge facing the free world today.”
221347 05:54:36
- 05:55:48 1948 USA; Belgium (related) B/W SD
News From The Nation’s
Capital (Hoffman Appointed Marshall Plan Head)
High angle shot of Paul G. Hoffman at table facing reporters &
cameramen. MCU alongside, smiling
& answering questions.
05:55:02 White House w/ cars
pulling up, many people watching Prince Regent Charles of Belgium greeted by President Truman. Saluting military honor guard.
05:55:23 In Oval office presenting
Truman w/ the Belgian Military Cross of the Unknown Soldier for WWII.
05:55:30 At Tomb of Unknown
Soldier laying wreath & saluting.
221347 05:59:56
- 06:00:50 1948 Netherlands; Holland B/W SD
News In Brief (Dutch
Royal Family Greets Eleanor Roosevelt, Apr48)
Prince Bernhardt & Princess Juliana & children greet Roosevelt from
Brussels. Visit sponsored by Dutch
Women’s Committee, given gift. Walking w/ University of Utricht Vice Chancellor, Queen Wilhelmina
present as Mrs. Roosevelt is given honorary degree. “...carries the message of the Marshall Plan where ever
she travels in Europe.”
221356 20:13:15
- 20:26:39 1951 France B/W SD
The Village That Would
Not Die
20:14:00 View across farmland,
dairy cattle in pasture, tractor pulling binder; people pitching grain. River & small dam w/ fisherman
beneath. Monument. Burial sites for British & American
soldiers at Normandy.
20:14:54 Aunay - Caen bus w/
people walking alongside, others riding. Sign for Aunay & Vire, France. Road marker partially destroyed. Headstones partially destroyed
20:15:29 Bus pulling into village
of temporary barrack village. High
anle w/ rooftops. Market square
& women shopping & selling at stalls. Horse carts, wagons, visiting, priest, well-dressed
woman. Newly built wooden
Church. Statue rescued from
destroyed hospital. Mayor out of
temporary town hall & walking thru market square. Various views of village & electrical wires,
gardens. Woman washing
windows. People along wide gravel
walks. Kids playing on basketball
court.
20:18:14 Bicycle racing around
town streets w/ crowds on sidewalks. Signs for various hotels, resaturants. People outside quonset hut movie theatre. Women walking w/ children, pushing
babies in buggy, woman out of jewelry (Bijouterie) store. Laborers outside monastery turned into
cheese factory. Man tasting camambert
cheese wheels before packing.
20:19:32 Old woman greets another
(narrator), women talking on street. Meat market w/ hanging sides of beef. Butcher shows customer meat. Women out of bakery w/ bread. More temporary population in village. Men talking. Mayor walking & looking at old destroyed town; new town
under construction nearby. Hospital
under construction supplied by Marshall Plan.
20:21:56 Old men sitting in sun
talking. New schools under
construction, men laying bricks, paving sidewalk, planting trees. Two men sawing stones, polishing;
bricklayers & stone masons. Street signs, wide streets, stores ready to open w/ signs. Large church under construction in
middle of town. CU statue of
Norman chef. Cornerstone
describing total destruction of Aunay-sur-Odon, 11-15Jun44. Views of buildings.
20:25:31 Nearly finished houses,
boys, workers, cart. Man laying
flowers at monument, policeman saluting, two children walking. Shots of village. The End.
The following items can be previewed on VHS, but please allow 4-5 weeks for obtaining master material.
1946-1948
1.
Si/Sd Paris
conference on Marshall Plan
2.
Sd. Sec. Marshall speaking at United
Nations against Communist "Red Menace"|
3.
Sd. Marshall Plan Signed; UN speaker
attacks USSR Vishinsky; Italian-French pact signed .|
4.
Sd. Friendship Train; Marshall before House & Senate Committee on
European aid; Mayor O'Dwyer & Freedom Train.|
5.
Sd. Marshall urges approval
of plan;
6.
Sd. Friendship Train; food on board
for Europe; Bread lines in Germany (German narration).
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